E\u011fitimin finansman\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklardan yararlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan belli ba\u015fl\u0131 olanlar\u0131, vergiler, har\u00e7lar, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc katk\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015flard\u0131r (G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve \u015ei\u015fman, 2012: 78):<\/p>\n
-Vergiler: Vergi, devletin egemenlik hakk\u0131na dayanarak, kamu hizmetlerinin finans\u00adman\u0131 i\u00e7in birey ve kurumlardan kanunla cebren ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z para tutarlar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. E\u011fitim hizmeti, yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere bir kamu hizmeti olarak kabul edilmekte ve finansman\u0131 i\u00e7in de vergi gelirleri kullan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. As\u00adl\u0131nda e\u011fitimin finansman\u0131yla kastedilen e\u011fitim hizmetlerinin maliyetinin kimler taraf\u0131ndan \u00fcstlenilece\u011fidir.<\/p>\n
-Har\u00e7lar: Har\u00e7lar, vergilere benzer mali y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fcklerden biri olup genelde kamu hiz\u00admetini do\u011frudan alanlar\u0131n \u00f6demekle y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc olduklar\u0131 parasal tutarlard\u0131r. Vergi\u00adler, genel olup vergi m\u00fckelleflerinden al\u0131n\u0131rken har\u00e7lar, sadece belli kamu hizmetle\u00adrinden yararlananlardan al\u0131nmakta ve hizmetin maliyetinin \u00e7ok k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck bir k\u0131sm\u0131n\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131lamaktad\u0131r. Y\u00fcksek\u00f6\u011frenim hizmetinden yararlanmalar\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda \u00fcniversi\u00adte \u00f6\u011frencilerinden al\u0131nan katk\u0131 paylan, bu har\u00e7lara \u00f6rnek olarak verilebilir.<\/p>\n
–<\/strong>Kredi ve Burslar: E\u011fitim hizmetlerinin finansman\u0131n iki boyutu vard\u0131r. Birincisini, hizmet sa\u011fla\u00ady\u0131c\u0131 olarak e\u011fitim kurumlar\u0131n\u0131n a\u00e7\u0131lmas\u0131, personelinin sa\u011flanmas\u0131, gerekli e\u011fitim- \u00f6\u011fretim ara\u00e7lar\u0131 ile donat\u0131lmas\u0131 ve e\u011fitim hizmetinin devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011flanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereken harcamalar\u0131n finanse edilmesidir. \u0130kincisini ise, hizmet al\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 veya hizmetten yararlananlar, \u00f6\u011frenciler olu\u015fturmaktad\u0131r. E\u011fitim-\u00f6\u011fretim s\u00fcresince \u00f6\u011frencilerin bar\u0131nmas\u0131, gerekli ders kitaplar\u0131 ve ara\u00e7-gere\u00e7lerinin sa\u011f\u00adlanmas\u0131, beslenmesi ve di\u011fer ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131lanmas\u0131 gerekir. Bu ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n pek \u00e7o\u011fu, \u00f6\u011frenciler taraf\u0131ndan kar\u015f\u0131lan\u0131r.<\/p>\n G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc gibi e\u011fitimin finansman\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fck bir a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kla vergilerle kar\u015f\u0131lanmaktad\u0131r. Ancak kamusal kayna\u011f\u0131n yeterli olmamas\u0131 nedeniyle ciddi sorunlar ortaya \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bunun sonucu olarak okullar da \u00f6zel finansman kaynaklar\u0131 yaratma yoluna gitmi\u015ftir. Buda okullar\u0131n i\u00e7inde bulundu\u011fu sosyo-ekonomik \u00e7evre farklar\u0131 nedeniyle devlet okullar\u0131 aras\u0131nda kaynak farkl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r (\u00dcnal, 1996: 342). Nitekim e\u011fitim hizmetleri i\u00e7in devlet taraf\u0131ndan finansman sa\u011flanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde, bunun ki\u015fisel finansman y\u00f6ntemiyle sa\u011flanmas\u0131, toplumsal ihtiyac\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131la\u00admaktan uzak olacakt\u0131r. Bu nedenle, e\u011fitimin toplum i\u00e7in olduk\u00e7a \u00f6nemli olmas\u0131 ve ki\u015fisel finansmanla yeterli d\u00fczeyde kaynak sa\u011flanmas\u0131n\u0131n m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmamas\u0131, devletin bu konuda finansman sa\u011flamas\u0131n\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla e\u011fi\u00adtim hizmetleri, a\u011f\u0131rl\u0131kl\u0131 olarak devlet b\u00fct\u00e7eleriyle finanse edilmektedir (G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve \u015ei\u015fman, 2012: 76).<\/p>\n Mehmet Birekul, 2016<\/strong><\/p>\n ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" E\u011fitimin finansman\u0131nda \u00e7e\u015fitli kaynaklardan yararlan\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Bunlardan belli ba\u015fl\u0131 olanlar\u0131, vergiler, har\u00e7lar, g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fc katk\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015flard\u0131r (G\u00fcm\u00fc\u015f ve \u015ei\u015fman, 2012: 78): -Vergiler: Vergi, devletin egemenlik hakk\u0131na dayanarak, kamu hizmetlerinin finans\u00adman\u0131 i\u00e7in birey ve kurumlardan kanunla cebren ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131ks\u0131z para tutarlar\u0131 olarak tan\u0131mlan\u0131r. E\u011fitim hizmeti, yukar\u0131da belirtildi\u011fi \u00fczere bir kamu hizmeti olarak kabul edilmekte ve finansman\u0131 i\u00e7in…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[6,1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/521"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=521"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/521\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=521"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=521"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=521"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}