{"id":381,"date":"2015-06-22T20:10:58","date_gmt":"2015-06-22T17:10:58","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/?p=381"},"modified":"2015-06-22T20:10:58","modified_gmt":"2015-06-22T17:10:58","slug":"381","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/?p=381","title":{"rendered":"T\u00fcrk Milli E\u011fitim Sistemi ve Okullar -1-"},"content":{"rendered":"

T\u00fcrk Milli E\u011fitim Sistemi ve Okullar:<\/strong><\/p>\n

E\u011fitim Kavram\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

E\u011fitim bireyin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 yoluyla ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak istendik davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 meydana getirme s\u00fcrecidir. Bu ifadede yer alan kas\u0131t s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile e\u011fitimin planl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimleri i\u00e7erdi\u011fi, istendik ile toplumun istek ve idealleriyle uygun d\u00fc\u015fen davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 yoluyla ifadesinde ise \u00f6\u011frencinin yaparak ya\u015fayarak \u00f6\u011frenmesini ifade etmektedir.<\/p>\n

Sistem Kavram ve Kuram\u0131n\u0131n A\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131:<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sistem kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 etkile\u015fim i\u00e7inde olan unsurlar\u0131n belirlenen ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek, bir b\u00fct\u00fcn meydana getirecek \u015fekilde organize edilmesidir.\u00a0 Sistem; a\u00e7\u0131k, yar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131k ve kapal\u0131 olmak \u00fczere s\u0131n\u0131fland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Bir a\u00e7\u0131k sistemin be\u015f \u00f6gesi vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Girdiler, (\u0130nput); Sistemin ya\u015famas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar.<\/li>\n
  2. Girdileri sistem i\u00e7inde i\u015fleyen alt sistemler<\/li>\n
  3. \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131;\u0130\u015flenen girdilerden elde edilen \u00fcr\u00fcnler<\/li>\n
  4. D\u00f6n\u00fctler; Sistemin i\u015flemesini ve \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar\u0131n de\u011ferlendirmesine yarayan geri bildirimlerdir.<\/li>\n
  5. Sistemin i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7evre<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Sistem kavram\u0131 temelde fizik ve biyoloji kavramlar\u0131ndan geldi\u011finden yukar\u0131daki \u00f6geler insan v\u00fccudu \u00fczerinde de g\u00f6sterilebilir. \u00c7\u00fcnk\u00fc sistemler birbirine benzer. Sistemin \u00f6gelerini inceledi\u011fimizde,<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. Girdiler; b\u00fct\u00fcn sistemlerin girdisi i\u015flenmi\u015f yada yar\u0131 i\u015flenmi\u015f maddelerdir.<\/li>\n
    2. Alt Sistemler; Sistemin alt sistemleri, girdilerin hedefler do\u011frultusunda i\u015flendi\u011fi yerdir.<\/li>\n
    3. \u00c7\u0131kt\u0131lar;Sistemin i\u015flenecek \u00fcr\u00fcn\u00fc i\u015fleyerek elde etti\u011fi \u00fcr\u00fcne denir.<\/li>\n
    4. D\u00f6n\u00fctler;\u0130\u015flenen \u00fcr\u00fcndeki kusurlar\u0131 bildiren d\u00f6n\u00fctlerdir.<\/li>\n
    5. \u00c7evre; Sistemin i\u00e7inde ya\u015fad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortamd\u0131r.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Yar\u0131 A\u00e7\u0131k Sistemler<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bu sistemler girdiler, i\u015flemler, \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131lar ve \u00e7evreden olu\u015fur. Sistemin d\u00f6n\u00fct\u00fc yoktur. Bu sistemin geri bildirimi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in sistem sa\u011fl\u0131ks\u0131z bir \u015fekilde b\u00fcy\u00fcyecek, yada k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fclecektir. Bu durumda sistem ortadan kalkacakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      KAPALI S\u0130STEMLER<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bu sistemlerin ya yeterli girdisi, yada yeterli \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131s\u0131 yoktur. Girdi yada \u00e7\u0131kt\u0131n\u0131n birinin bulunmamas\u0131 sonucunda kapal\u0131 sistemlerde d\u00f6n\u00fctte bulunmaz. Bu nedenle kapal\u0131 sistemlerde farkl\u0131la\u015fma, sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 b\u00fcy\u00fcme geli\u015fme ve i\u015f b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fc yoktur. Aksine sistemde dengesizlik vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n

      S\u00fcre\u00e7 ve Alt Sistemler<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Her sistem alt sistemlerden olu\u015fur. Bunlar\u0131n ama\u00e7lar\u0131 ve g\u00f6revleri sisteminkinden farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir. Alt sistemlerdeki bozuklu\u011fun sistemi etkileme derecesi sistemden sisteme farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6sterir.<\/p>\n

      Sistem Alt Sistemleri<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bir sistemin yani \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fcn sistemleri temel ve destek alt sistemleri olmak \u00fczere ikiye ayr\u0131l\u0131r. Bu alt sistemlerin g\u00f6revlerini eksiksiz yerine getirmesi sistemin g\u00f6revini tam olarak yerine getirmesini sa\u011flar.<\/p>\n

      E\u011fitim Sistemi<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Bir toplumsal kurum olan E\u011fitimin yaratt\u0131\u011f\u0131 toplumsal birime e\u011fitim sistemi denir. Her \u00f6rg\u00fct gibi e\u011fitim \u00f6rg\u00fct\u00fc de roller sistemidir.<\/p>\n

      Her toplumun kendine \u00f6zg\u00fc e\u011fitim sistemi vard\u0131r. Bu sistem o toplumun k\u00fclt\u00fcrel sosyal ekonomik \u00f6zelliklerine ve de\u011ferlerine g\u00f6re kurulur bi\u00e7imlenir ve geli\u015fir.<\/p>\n

      Mehmet Birekul, 2015<\/strong><\/p>\n ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      T\u00fcrk Milli E\u011fitim Sistemi ve Okullar: E\u011fitim Kavram\u0131n\u0131n Tan\u0131m\u0131 ve A\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131: E\u011fitim bireyin davran\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 yoluyla ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 olarak istendik davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131 meydana getirme s\u00fcrecidir. Bu ifadede yer alan kas\u0131t s\u00f6zc\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ile e\u011fitimin planl\u0131 de\u011fi\u015fimleri i\u00e7erdi\u011fi, istendik ile toplumun istek ve idealleriyle uygun d\u00fc\u015fen davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131, kendi ya\u015fant\u0131s\u0131 yoluyla ifadesinde ise \u00f6\u011frencinin yaparak ya\u015fayarak \u00f6\u011frenmesini ifade…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=381"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/381\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=381"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=381"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=381"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}