{"id":348,"date":"2015-04-26T22:15:46","date_gmt":"2015-04-26T19:15:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/?p=348"},"modified":"2015-04-26T22:15:46","modified_gmt":"2015-04-26T19:15:46","slug":"348","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/?p=348","title":{"rendered":"L\u0130BERAL\u0130ZM, L\u0130BERAL EKONOM\u0130 ve OSMANLI E\u011e\u0130T\u0130M S\u0130STEM\u0130N\u0130N L\u0130BERAL EKONOM\u0130K YAPISI -II-"},"content":{"rendered":"

 <\/p>\n

L\u0130BERAL EKONOM\u0130<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ekonomik liberalizm<\/strong>,\u00a0 liberalizmin temellerini atan ilk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin, bireylerin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ve devletten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ekonomik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck kavramlar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmesi \u00fczerine olu\u015fmu\u015f siyasi ideoloji.<\/p>\n

Ekonomik liberalizm,\u00a0 kapitalizmin\u00a0temel bir \u00f6gesi olarak kabul edilir\u00a0. Klasik liberalizm, neo liberalizm,\u00a0 liberteryelizm\u00a0ve baz\u0131 muhafazakar ak\u0131mlarla ili\u015fkili bir kavramd\u0131r.<\/p>\n

Liberalizmin\u00a0fikir babas\u0131 olan\u00a0John Locke<\/a>, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini belirtmi\u015f ancak zenginli\u011fin e\u015fit\u00e7e payla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131; bunun sonucunda her bireyin m\u00fclk hakk\u0131na sahip olabilece\u011fini s\u00f6ylemi\u015ftir. \u0130lk liberal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerden biri olan\u00a0Adam Smith<\/a>\u00a0bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi desteklememi\u015f, ve bu fikirden ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z yola \u00e7\u0131karak, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n; sisteme en \u00e7ok yarar sa\u011flayan ve daha \u00e7ok hak edenin elinde daha fazla olmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini savunmu\u015ftur. Bu \u015fekilde\u00a0Adam Smith<\/a> ekonomik liberalizmin temellerini ortaya koymu\u015ftur. \u0130nsanlar\u0131n \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya ve ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131 memnun etmeye te\u015fvik edilerek, hem sistemin i\u015fleyi\u015fini sa\u011flamas\u0131, bunun \u00fczerine insanlar\u0131n ki\u015fisel ve maddi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutmas\u0131 sa\u011flanarak daha verimli \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya te\u015fvik edilmesi, hem de ba\u015fka bireyleri daha fazla memnun edebilmesi ve bunun kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131nda daha fazla maddiyat sahibi olabilmesi fikri, ekonomik liberalizmin temel yap\u0131 ta\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 olu\u015fturur.<\/p>\n

Ekonomik liberalizm belirli bir s\u0131n\u0131ra dek h\u00fck\u00fcmetin d\u00fczenlemelerine kar\u015f\u0131 destekleyici e\u011filimler g\u00f6sterse de bu durum\u00a0 serbest ticareti\u00a0ve\u00a0 a\u00e7\u0131k rekabeti engelledi\u011finde piyasaya y\u00f6nelik devlet m\u00fcdahalesine kar\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. Tekellerin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 amac\u0131yla devlet m\u00fcdahalesi desteklenir. K\u00f6kenini “b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z yaps\u0131nlar, b\u0131rak\u0131n\u0131z ge\u00e7sinler” ifadesinden al\u0131r. Ayr\u0131ca \u00fcretim noktas\u0131nda \u00f6zel m\u00fclkiyeti savunur ve destekler. Ekonomik liberalizm, devlet taraf\u0131ndan serbest piyasalar\u0131n lehine iken, devletin kamu mallar\u0131 sa\u011flamada yasal bir etken oldu\u011funu savunur.<\/p>\n

Ekonomik liberalizm, piyasa mekanizmas\u0131na fakl\u0131 bir yakla\u015f\u0131m olarak ekonomik planlama fikrine kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kar. Ekonomik liberalizm;\u00a0 sosyal liberalizmin\u00a0yan\u0131 s\u0131ra merkantilizm<\/a>,\u00a0kom\u00fcnizm<\/a>,\u00a0sosyalizm<\/a>,\u00a0piyasa sosyalizmi<\/a>,\u00a0devlet kapitalizmi<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0ve\u00a0fa\u015fist ekonomi<\/a>\u00a0\u00a0gibi di\u011fer ekonomik modellerle \u00e7eli\u015fmektedir.<\/p>\n

<\/h2>\n

Rekabet:<\/strong>\u00a0Rekabet i\u00e7inde olan bireyler, her zaman ismini duyurabilmek ve daha fazla maddiyat sa\u011flayabilmek i\u00e7in daha \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131rlar. Bunun sonucunda insanl\u0131k i\u00e7in daha iyi \u015feyler \u00fcretirler. Bu \u015fekilde sistem her zaman daha iyi olan\u0131 kabul eder. Sistemin kabul etmedikleri de daha iyi olabilmek i\u00e7in daha \u00e7ok \u00e7al\u0131\u015f\u0131r, hem de di\u011ferleriyle b\u00fcy\u00fck bir rekabet i\u00e7ine girer.<\/p>\n

M\u00fclkiyet:<\/strong>\u00a0Ekonomik liberalizmin en temel yap\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131r. M\u00fclkiyet bireylere verilen bir \u00f6d\u00fcl g\u00f6revi g\u00f6r\u00fcr. \u0130yi \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n, sisteme ve d\u00fczene yapt\u0131klar\u0131 katk\u0131lar, onlar\u0131n ne kadar maddiyat ve m\u00fclkiyet kazanacaklar\u0131n\u0131 belirler. Sisteme katk\u0131 yapmayanlar ve \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmayanlar m\u00fclkiyet sahibi olamaz. Bu \u015fekilde her insan \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya te\u015fvik edilir ve insanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n daha da ilerledi\u011fi savunulur.<\/p>\n

Serbest Piyasa Ekonomisi:<\/strong>\u00a0Serbest piyasa ekonomisi, ekonomik liberal d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrler taraf\u0131ndan, b\u00fct\u00fcnle\u015ftirici bir dal olarak tan\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Serbest piyasa ekonomisi olmazsa, ekonomik liberalizmin temel kurallar\u0131 i\u015fleyemez.<\/p>\n

\u00d6zg\u00fcr Ticaret:<\/strong>\u00a0Her insan \u00f6zg\u00fcrce ticaret yapabilmeli, devlete ba\u011fl\u0131 kalmamal\u0131 ve insanlar\u0131 memnun edecek \u00fcr\u00fcnler \u00fcretebilmelidir.<\/p>\n

Yaz\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131 haftaya….<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0Mehmet Birekul, 2015<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n ","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

  L\u0130BERAL EKONOM\u0130 Ekonomik liberalizm,\u00a0 liberalizmin temellerini atan ilk d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerin, bireylerin m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131 ve devletten ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z ekonomik \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck kavramlar\u0131na dikkat \u00e7ekmesi \u00fczerine olu\u015fmu\u015f siyasi ideoloji. Ekonomik liberalizm,\u00a0 kapitalizmin\u00a0temel bir \u00f6gesi olarak kabul edilir\u00a0. Klasik liberalizm, neo liberalizm,\u00a0 liberteryelizm\u00a0ve baz\u0131 muhafazakar ak\u0131mlarla ili\u015fkili bir kavramd\u0131r. Liberalizmin\u00a0fikir babas\u0131 olan\u00a0John Locke, m\u00fclkiyet hakk\u0131n\u0131n \u00f6nemini belirtmi\u015f ancak zenginli\u011fin e\u015fit\u00e7e…<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[1],"tags":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=348"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/348\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=348"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=348"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.mbirekul.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=348"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}